Indigenous Status: India Verses North America
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A 6 page discussion of the social stratification that continues to exist in these two regions. This paper contends, however, that there are examples in both India and in North America in which the same indigenous peoples that occupy the lowest social echelon have banded together to make significant changes in the contemporary urban societies in which they live. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: PPnaIndi.rtf

Indira Gandhi And The Emergency
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15 pages in length. The Emergency can be seen as a milestone of continuing negotiation between 'traditional' Indian ideas/institutions and the modern progressive ideals embraced by the Congress Party that remain alien to most of the Indian population. Analyzing the fundamental basis behind the Emergency, one finds that modernity in India has always been laid on society from the top, with all power solely residing with the Congress and the Nehru family. However, no matter how much power is concentrated within the central government with all their Nehruian ideals, the fact remains how real power lies between that at the center and the extraordinary stratification throughout the rest of the country, which functioned upon an entirely different basis. Under Indira Gandhi, as well as that of her father, the central government's point of view has always maintained a sense of a nation being jeopardized by its various constituents; as such, the nation-state must be defended. Clearly, there exists the entrenched idea of how the Nehru family has long upheld a lock upon the progressive change in India and, thus, must play an essential role in the defense of this nation-state. Bibliography lists 16 sources.
Filename: TLCemerg.rtf

Jhumpa Lahiri’s “Interpreter of Maladies”
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This is a 6 page paper discussing Jhumpa Lahiri’s “Interpreter of Maladies”. Jhumpa Lahiri (1967- ) wrote “Interpreter of Maladies”, a collection of nine short stories, in 1999 which since has been critically acclaimed in addition to having received the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction. Although this was Lahiri’s first major publication, the cross-cultural, -gendered and -generational approach to the stories holds a universal appeal for all readers. Born of Indian heritage but residing in New York, Lahiri maintains a subtle approach to her Indian culture and while all of her stories contain Indian characters or themes, Lahiri does not overwhelm readers with traditional Indian “magical realism” but instead provides readers with inside looks at her characters who experience the emotions associated with loss, communication, and loneliness; experience and emotions to which all readers can relate. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: TJJLahi1.rtf

Kerala, India
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A 5 page research paper that explores the reasons behind the success of Kerala, state of India located in the nation's southwestern corner. The writer cites sources that credit the social maturity and relative prosperity of this region primarily to the benefits derived from a social movements propelled by lower caste members, and the political activism of the lower castes. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: khkerind.rtf

Kerala, India: Success In the Face of Challenge
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A 12 page overview of the social and governmental setting of this southwestern Indian State. The author contends that the contemporary societal setting of Kerala is formed on a framework of a complexity of factors which have influenced the region even before her statehood. These factors have resulted in a social maturity and relative prosperity which have allowed Kerala success in many arenas. Much of this success can be attributed to the lower caste members of Keralan society whose tenacity as a people has inspired social and political movements which have allowed them success in everything from maintaining a strong hold on their cultural traditions to insuring a better standard of living in terms of both their health and their economic prosperity. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: PPindKer.rtf

Lawrence Cohen/No Aging in India
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A 15 page analysis of Lawrence Cohen's book No Aging in India. Cohen's approach is essentially that of a medical anthropologist as he explores how cultures comprehend the body and its behavior in time. No additional sources cited.
Filename: 99aging.rtf

Liberation: Gandhi, Mao Tse-tung, and Sun Yat-sen
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A 5 page paper which examines the approach to liberation taken by Gandhi, Mao Tse-tung, and Sun Yat-sen. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: RAgandh.rtf

Mahabharata
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This 5 page report discusses “Mahabharata,” the largest epic in the history of mankind. It describes events that took place in ancient bhaarata around 5000 BCE. The main event was the appearance of Lord Krishna - the 8th avatar (incarnation) of Lord Vishnu. The Mahabharata serves as both sacred text and a portal through which the modern world may consider the ancient realms of India. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: BWmahab.rtf