Non-Verbal Communication: Oculescics and Situational Determinants
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This 9 page paper considers the use of eye contact in a variety of populations through the use of observation, and brings together the current literature with the results of an observational study to reflect variations in the use of eye contract relative to situational determinants. This paper outlines a non-experimental research study. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: MHnonver.wps

North Africa
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A 5 page paper which discusses various elements of North Africa. The paper addresses population, political conditions, economic conditions, occupations, and other pertinent information. The following also discusses how this region can improve its position from a domestic and global perspective. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: RAafrnth.wps

Nursing’s Global Implications
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8 pages of slide contents and speaker notes for an 8-slide Power Point presentation on this topic, specifically as it is affected by the worldwide nursing shortage. The shortage of available nurses in developing countries puts even more pressure on accessibility of health care, and it encourages nursing education to be truncated so that students can fill vacancies more quickly. The situation likely is worst in Africa, particularly in those nations in which the AIDS epidemic is worst. The presentation uses Ethiopia to illustrate. Bibliography lists 9 sources.
Filename: KSnursGlobalPP.rtf

Nyiragongo Eruption
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5 pages in length. On Friday, January 25th 2002, the people of Goma were sieged upon by one of Mother Nature's most devastating natural disasters: volcanic eruption. Approximately one hundred forty-seven people were killed by Nyiragongo – one of Africa's most notable volcanoes – with another two hundred fifty thousand displaced from their homes and community. Evacuation efforts commenced at once – but many say not soon enough – allowing for one-third to head west toward Sake, while another two-thirds headed east to Gisenyi in Rwanda. Clearly, the impact upon the social fabric of society is such that Goma, as well as all other communities touched by the volcanic activity, all but ceases to exist after the extent of tremendous devastation. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: TLCerupt.rtf

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Filename: pp123.wps

Olaudah Equiano's "Interesting Narrative And Other Writings": Historical Significance
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2.5 pages in length. As much as the slave narrative of such extraordinary people as Frederick Douglass and Harriet Jacobs became an American staple in the nineteenth century, the precursor to this particular type of literary expression was chartered by Olaudah Equiano, an African who, at age ten, was kidnapped to first serve as a British naval officer's slave and then upon various slave ships. Earning enough to ultimately buy his freedom in 1766, Equiano dedicated the rest of his life to becoming an outspoken and highly respected advocate of England's antislavery movement. No additional sources cited.
Filename: TLCEquia.rtf

Piercing & Tattoos / Cultural Expression
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An 8 page overview of the cultural underpinnings of body piercing and tattoos. The writer provides a brief history, health aspects, and negative and positive concepts about the latest form of body expression. The author argues that these forms of expression are more or less safer than breast implants and more acceptable forms of body alteration. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: Tattoo.wps

Prince Among Slaves by Terry Alford
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( 5 pp.) Among Henry Clay's documents, for the year 1829 we find the January 1 entry, "Prince Ibrahima, an Islamic prince sold into slavery 40 years ago, and freed with the stipulation that he return (in this case the word "return" makes sense) to Africa, joined the black citizens of Philadelphia as an honored guest in their New Year's Day parade, up Lombard and Walnut, and down Chestnut and Spruce streets. A few lines that hide a much bigger story. That life-story has been recorded in Terry Alford's 1977 book Prince Among Slaves, the focus of this discussion
Filename: BBprslav.doc

Problems in African Countries
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Approximately 8 pages worth of notes & overview of socio-political problems in various African countries including : Zaire, Nigeria, Algeria, Sudan... Bibliography lists 7+ sources.
Filename: Afriprob.wps

Problems with the Process of Democracy in Zambia and Zimbabwe
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This is an 11 page paper discussing the problems facing the process of democracy in Zambia and Zimbabwe. The concept of democracy as representative government and the observance of human rights has long been considered one of the major issues in regards to the countries of Zambia and Zimbabwe. Since their independence, Zambia in 1964 and Zimbabwe officially in 1980, the governments of Zambia and Zimbabwe had been one-party systems with powerful rulers. Within the last decade however, multi-party elections have been introduced in an attempt to introduce democracy. There have been problems with the democratization process however and the countries have continued to decline in regards to their economic conditions, health conditions, levels of poverty and international relations. Some of these problems are blamed on the corruption which lies within each government while others argue that democracy undermines traditional chieftainship within Southern Africa considered extremely important in internal relations which if disregarded would lead to instability. While the international community continues to pressure the countries of Zambia and Zimbabwe to continue their process toward democracy, recent research within these nations has showed that democracy per se is understood to mean freedom of civil liberties and the expectation of relief from the current socio-economic conditions; conditions which may not be easily met even in the event of political democracy. Bibliography lists 14 sources.
Filename: TJdemZZ1.rtf

Proposal to Study Aspects of SADC-Led Peace in Southern Africa
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A 5 page paper providing a proposal to study the nations of Southern Africa, along with the Singapore of 1960 and Costa Rica of 1980. Both of these nations effected dramatic increases in per capita income when they developed sustainable export economies. The SADC strives to build economic prosperity while simultaneously promoting peace. Most of the nation members of SADC have little to loose; the premise here is that an economically successful nation will be less willing to institute hostilities with neighbors than will be one possessing economic prosperity that can be lost through military conflict. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: KSAfricaSADC.wps

Racism in Joseph Conrad’s “Heart of Darkness”
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This is a 7 page paper discussing racism in Conrad’s “Heart of Darkness”. Joseph Conrad’s novella “Heart of Darkness” (1901) is highly controversial in regards to its racist perspective towards the African native. Although “darkness” within the story is also used to describe the darkness within all men and societies, even those within England and Europe, overall Conrad, through the character of Marlow whose background is very much like his own, shows the racist perspective which was generally accepted at the time in that Africans were considered “prehistoric”, “frenzied” and the environment in which they lived appeared “unearthly” and at times the natives appeared to be nearly “inhuman” in their differences and contrasts to the white man. Europeans, on the other hand, while they may have apparent elements of darkness within, are described in terms of purity, fairness, orderliness, and are civilized and those who, including Conrad, can only appreciate the African native in his own environment but in no means could extend that appreciation beyond that in comparison with Europeans and European society; a racist attitude which was reflected by Conrad within the story. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: TJHDark1.rtf