Greek Polis: Archeology
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11 pages in length. Greek polis, also known as city-state, was instrumental in establishing a sense of existence and purpose for myriad societies that followed. When assessing this importance, it is important for the student to take into consideration the influence of archeological aspects in order to fully appreciate the magnitude of such historical contribution. Archeology has played an integral role in determining the essence of the Greek polis, such as what it represented to the inhabitants, how the city-state survived amidst various challenges and struggles, as well as ascertains many social and cultural components. The writer discusses how the ancient relics, artifacts, structures and architecture play an integral role in determining not only how the Greek polis functioned but also how it served as an consequential reference to the historical timeline. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: TLCpolis.wps

Growing Up as an Italian American
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A 10 page paper that examines the history and the ethnic conditions of an Italian family here in the United States. The family under examination is a family that originated in Italy within the past few generations, and have only become American citizens during this century. The paper focuses predominantly upon one man who was born shortly before WWII. Through an examination of this man the history of his Italian heritage is seen, as well as the decline of that cultural aspect as all previous generations begin to die off, leaving the man caught in the middle between an Italian and an American life. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: RAitalian.wps

Growing Up Bilingual
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A 6 page analysis of this book by Ana Celia Zentella, which details the author's 14-year study of five bilingual girls growing up on a single block of New York's "El Barrio," the nation's longest settled Puerto Rican neighborhood. The writer gives an overall view of the book and concludes that it should be read by everyone who might vote on issues concerning bilingualism in the public school system. Zentella dispels many misconceptions that surround this issue and argues persuasively in favor of bilingualism. The writer also argues that Zentella's book can be used to gain added knowledge in how language is acquired and used. Refers to the source. No additional sources cited.
Filename: Growbil.wps

GUNS, GERMS AND STEEL: JARED DIAMOND
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This 3 page paper discusses the theories of Jared Diamond in his Pulitzer Prize winning book: Guns, Germs and Steel. Examples offered. Bibliography lists 1 source.
Filename: MBdmond.rtf

Hallucinogenic Drugs: A Spiritual Aid or Threat to Non-Traditional Cultures?
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An 8 page discussion of the traditional use of hallucinogenic drugs to bring traditional cultures in contact with their spirit guides and to heighten awareness of past lives and reincarnation. This paper presents the contention that, outside of the traditional framework which spawned such use, hallucinogenic drugs are useless in meeting this goal and can even present a significant danger for non-traditional individuals. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: PPhallu2.rtf

Historical Method and Ancient Literary Texts
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A 6 page discussion of the need for caution when using ancient literary texts to interpret history. The author of this paper points out that the modern historian needs to consider such factors as authorship, language, structure and form, sources, and literary meaning in undertaking historical research. Even more important, however, is reviewing a text in its historical context. Numerous examples are presented from the classical world of all the factors which can influence the accuracy of ancient texts. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: PPhistLt.rtf

Homo Erectus
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A 5 page research paper on Homo Erectus -- an early evolutionary version of human originally believed to have started in Africa, and now in Asia. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: Homoerec.wps

Homo Sapiens Development: 18,000 to 5,000 years ago
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8 pages in length. The writer discusses changes that occurred during this time period as they relate to the cultural development of Homo sapiens. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: TLCsapen.wps

How Museums are Viewed by Anthropologists
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This 5 page paper looks at both sides of the controversial nature of museums. The paper supports the position that museums misrepresent ethnic communities around the world. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: SA 109Mus.wps

Howard Carter’s Contribution to the Development of Archaeology
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A 9 page paper which details the life and work of Howard Carter, the British archaeologist. Specific reference is made to the discovery of the tomb of Tutankhamen and the importance of this excavation in many areas of archaeology and Egyptology. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: JLarch.wps

Ice Cream / Cultural Symbol and Example of Good Business
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A 6 page research paper in which the writer examines the phenomena of America's love for ice cream as well as some of the inner-working of companies such as Ben & Jerry's and the efforts that these mega-enterprises have made to ensure quality human resources and low turnover. Bibliography lists approximately 4 sources.
Filename: Icecream.wps

Identity as an Aspect of Material Culture and Influences of the Dominant Culture and Subcultures with Contemporary North America
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This is a 10 page paper discussing the issues of identity and material culture. In the determination of the idea of identity within the American culture it is important to realize that there are many different factors which must be included. This paper addresses the issue of how the dominant culture and subcultures within the American society are defined through fashions, trends, norms, and beliefs and how these subcultures can be influenced by advertising, fashions, definitions of beauty, and different issues in relation to acceptance or reaction against material culture. Urban and American identity is segregated based on subcultures that are defined by various aspects including ethnicity, race, religion, region, age, gender, class and education among many other variants. Individuals within society define their identity by either an acceptance or rejection of the norms within a certain subculture or within the dominant culture. By doing so new subcultures are formed within society as can be seen over the course of history in North America which is evident in the development of changes in the social, civil, political, and fashion trends over time. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: TJident1.rtf