Juan de Onate: Still Causing Trouble.
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(5 pp) You wouldn't think that a guy on a horse would cause much trouble in the Southwest. That is not the case concerning a larger than life-size statue of the Spanish conquistador Juan de Onate at a small museum in Alcade, New Mexico. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: BBonate.doc

Learning About Asia: Art and Film
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A 9 page paper which examines how one can learn quite a bit about Asian culture and society through an examination of their art and film. The films discussed are the Chinese film “The Blue Kite” and the Japanese film “Rhapsody in August.” Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: RAasiafm.rtf

Manifesto As Art
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In the art world there have been many movements that have aligned themselves with particular philosophies and, or, methods of interpretation for their art. Among these movements are the futurists, the Dada and the (early) surrealist movements that have distinguished themselves with providing a manifesto of their intentions and beliefs. This 6 page paper argues that manifestoes are, in and of themselves, art objects that transcend the merely didactic and enter into the realm of poetry or visual art, as well as providing arguments for their beliefs. The Dadaist Manifesto by Tristan Tzara, Andre Breton's The Manifesto of Surrealism and F. T. Marinetti's, Foundation and Manifesto of Futurism are used as examples. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: KTmanfst.wps

Miniature Painting in Pakistan: History, Influences and Future
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This is an 8 page paper discussing the history, influences and contemporary issues in miniature painting in Pakistan and India. The art of miniature painting was first known to exist in Persia where it was imported from into India during the 1500s at the beginning of the Mughal dynasties. In the Mughal schools of artistry, the art of miniature painting was given a more intense and dynamic feel which differentiated it from the formal structures used by the Persians. The technique is very specific in its use of wasli paper, squirrel hair brushes and vivid water based paint applied in multiple layers to earn it a silky finish. When the Mughal dynasty was displaced, so too were many of the artists who then had to earn livings applying their craft to other objects such as walls and furniture. During the late 1800s, when Indian nationalism began to take place, a revival of the traditional arts led to the re-introduction of miniature painting into the educational system where artists could earn specialties in it. Today, the art of miniature painting is one of the more popular and traditional methods of art especially found in the graduates of the National College of Arts in Lahore, Pakistan, the only school in the world offering a specialty in miniature painting. Modern miniature artists apply traditional Mughal methods in their depictions of the contemporary world and the political and lifestyle issues in Pakistan. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: TJminip1.rtf

Multicultural Approach to Art Practice
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A 5 page paper discussing how and whether multiculturalism needs to be considered in pursuing the study of art. The purpose of the paper is to examine how other artists have handled the multicultural aspect either of their own heritage or their work. The bottom line is that the artist needs to define her own reasons for pursuing art with any cultural meaning at all. Then the research undertaken to help define the directions and the subjects that the art will encompass will come to be better clarified. Bibliography lists 13 sources.
Filename: KSartMulticult.rtf

Multicultural Issues in Art Therapy
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This is a 10 page paper discussing multicultural issues in art therapy. Art therapy is known as the therapeutic use of art making in an attempt to help those experiencing illnesses, trauma or personal challenges, in their treatment and recovery. Art therapists are well educated professionals who have to take a great many certifications and courses in the areas of art, medicine and psychotherapy among others. In addition, art therapists have standards which must be maintained by the profession and a large portion of these standards have to do with successfully accounting for the multicultural differences in clients and the community. Art therapists must develop relationships with their clients and in order to do this properly art therapists must educate themselves on the differences in beliefs, norms, rituals and therapy expectations of individuals who are from different cultural, ethnic, race, gender, age or social backgrounds. In addition to knowing the belief systems which may influence therapy, art therapists must also be aware of how different belief systems have influenced clients’ lives outside of the clinical environment in addition to several other governing factors. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: TJartth1.rtf

Music and fan culture ideology
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A 40 page paper which looks in detail at the relationship between musical genres and the development of fan cultures, with reference to the part that music plays in the development of collective memory and cultural ideology, as well as the relationship between music and the validation of outsider cultures. Bibliography lists 12 sources
Filename: JLfancul.rtf

National Endowment for the Arts: NEA is our friend.
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This 10 page paper examines the past history of the NEA; controversial issues which have surrounded federal funding of the arts, including First Amendment issues clarified in 1998. Censorship outrage due to the work of Serrano and Maplethorpe is also discussed. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: BBnea2.doc

National Enndowment for the Arts
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This 9 page paper examines the past history of the NEA; controversial issues which have surrounded federal funding of the arts, including First Amendment issues and censorship; and makes suggestions for some calm resolution. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: BBnea.doc

National Identity & International Exhibitions
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A 5 page research paper that discusses the manner in which nationalism was expressed at the Paris Exposition Universelle held in 1900. While the ostensible reason for this huge world's fair was to encourage peaceful idealism, it was also an occasion marked by intense nationalism. The writer argues that the nations that constructed exhibits at this fair did so with little or no thought to international cooperation; they were there to compete. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: khex1900.rtf

New Thoughts and Ideas of the Renaissance
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(5 pp) Historically the Renaissance connects the middle ages and the modern times; it is that time period from about 1350 to 1650. The ideas and accomplishments of that period were amazing, and still remain astounding when we stop to consider them, for they provided the building blocks of some of the ideas that we hold today. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: BBrentht.doc

Orientalism - then and now.
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(10 pp) In the nineteenth century artists explored the Orient packing brushes and canvases with them. They delivered an exotic view of the Eastern world, often more based on the imagined than what was real. This discussion will look at that period of art history, known as "orientalism," and see if any of those trends or ideas are out and about today. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: BBoriart.doc