King and Malcolm X/Uses of Rhetoric
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A 7 page essay that examines the persuasive rhetorical skills displayed in Martin Luther King Jr.'s Letter from Birmingham Jail and Malcolm X's The Ballot or the Bullet. The writer argues that where the two texts differ, naturally, concerns variations in style between the two authors, but also that the texts reflect the fact that King's text was a written reply to remarks made by black leaders in the Birmingham newspaper, while Malcolm X's text was a speech that was delivered to an assembled audience. No additional sources cited.
Filename: khk26mx.rtf

Kunjufu/Helping Black Boys
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A 6 page critique of Jawanza Kunjufu's Countering the Conspiracy to Destroy Black Boys, Volume III (1990). Kunjufu argues that the needs of black males are distinctly different from those of either white males or white or African American girls. It is the black boy who is typically cast as deviant in the public school system and Kunjufu refers to studies that identify many of these traits as simply being unique to the black male experience and development. This critique of Kunjufu's text looks at both its strengths and weaknesses and compares it to other literature dealing with this topic. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: khjkunju.rtf

LAWRENCE OTIS GRAHAM: Our Kind of People: Inside America's Black Upper Class
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(7 pp) Through six years of interviews with more than three hundred prominent families and individuals, journalist and commentator Lawrence Otis Graham weaves together the revealing stories and fascinating experiences of upper-class blacks who grew up with privilege and power. Previously known for his provocative New York magazine exposé of elite golf clubs, when he left his law firm and went undercover as a busboy at an all-white Connecticut country club, Graham now turns his attention to the black elite. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: BBblkeli.doc

Laws, Court Decisions, and Legislation Pertaining to the Rights of People with Special Needs in Education
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An 11 page overview of the diversity of considerations which are reflected in the laws, court decisions, and legislation pertaining to the rights of people with special needs. The author provides a detailed summary of several of these considerations and emphasizes that applications range from addressing the needs of individuals with physical disabilities to addressing the needs of individuals with specific cultural characteristics which make special educational provisions a necessity. Bibliography lists 20 sources.
Filename: PPedSpec.rtf

Leadership: Latino And African Americans
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5 pages in length. The Latino and African American populations lack support addressing their issues of pain, violence, grief and personal conflicts, which ultimately restricts their ability to participate both actively and positively in community leadership agendas. As well, this absence is based upon a lack of leader development programs, a concern that begins from impressionable childhood through maturity. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: TLCLatAA.wps

Leonce Gaiter’s “The Revolt of the Black Bourgeoisie”
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A 2.5 page article summary. No additional sources are used.
Filename: TGrevblac.rtf

Levels of Education and Social Stratification Between Blacks and Whites
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A 5 page discussion of the numerous discrepancies in today’s society leading to differences in levels of education between blacks and whites. While some of these discrepancies can be attributed to factors such as discrimination, others can be traced to a sense of inferiority among blacks themselves. Bibliography lists 11 sources.
Filename: PPedRace.rtf

Maintaining Diversity: The Use of Racial Preference in Universities
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This 25 page paper considers the issue of maintaining diversity in the university setting, and assesses measures that have been put in place to maintain diversity. In particular, this paper considers components of the recruitment and retention process, including Affirmative Action policies that are defined by racial preferences and their impact on the educational setting. Bibliography lists 30 sources.
Filename: MHdiver2.wps

Major Psychological Theories and the Cause and Effect of Oppression and Neglect in the African American Community
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This is a 5 page paper discussing major psychological approaches in relation to the result of oppression and neglect on the African American community. Currently, the African American population within the United States has been found to have high levels of stress, anxiety, low self-esteem and high levels of self-destructive behavior. Psychologists and sociologists argue that the cause of generations of neglect within the educational and social systems and oppression may have led to these psychological problems. Using five major psychological approaches which include behaviorism, functionalism, psychoanalytical, structuralism and Gestalt, the differences in the application of the theories to the African American community basically show that in order to reverse the trend of these psychological and societal problems, mental health professionals and educators must be aware of the psychological factors unique to the African American community. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: TJfivep1.rtf

Malcolm X And Martin Luther King: Differing Approach
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6 pages in length. Comparing the approach to racial issues between Malcolm X and Martin Luther King, Jr. requires the student to delve into various elements of each man's past, such as differing regional origins, in order to gain a significantly better understanding as to why – while enlightening the world on the same subject matter – came away doing so in such divergent ways. Alex Haley illustrates these differences in The Autobiography of Malcolm X; while penned by Haley -- an American writer who depicts the struggles of American blacks -- it is actually a compilation of many interviews that were conducted shortly before Malcolm's death. It was not known at the time of publication, however, that the autobiography would create such a furor over its release; in fact, the book soon became recognized as a classic of black American autobiography. No additional sources cited.
Filename: TLCMlcmX.rtf

Malcolm X's Philosophical Beliefs
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An 8 page paper which discusses the various philosophical beliefs maintained by Malcolm X. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: RAmalxblf.wps

Marcus Garvey: Poet and Religious Inspiration
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A 10 page paper which examines the life of Marcus Garvey while focusing on the fact that he was a renowned poet as well as an African American leader. The paper presents a brief biography of Marcus Garvey, then presents an examination of his poems. This is followed by a section which discusses how his poetry and works helped inspire people religiously and artistically, namely through reggae music today. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: RAgarvey.wps