Jackie Robinson's Enduring Legacy
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An 11 page paper on baseball's first enduring black player. Robinson joined the Brooklyn Dodgers in 1947 amid a raft of controversy, but managed to pull 'Dem Bums,' perpetual losers into the 1947 World Series by doing things that won him the title of 1947 Rookie of the Year. Always outspoken on racial issues, he maintained his promise of 2 years' worth of no visible reaction to the verbal abuse all involved, including him, knew he would suffer. After that, it was no holds barred while he meanwhile gathered award after award. He committed a lifetime to civil rights work, using baseball as a stage from which to speak. Bibliography lists 20 sources.
Filename: Jackier.wps

Jackie Robinson's Legacy / Review Of Tygel's 'Baseball's Great Experiment'
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5 pages in which the author discusses this particular book and how the great baseball player Jackie Robinson broke the color barrier between Black and Whites on the playing field and in society.
Filename: Jrlegacy.wps

Jackie Robinson's Social Contributions
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An 8 page paper discussing the social effect felt by Jackie Robinson's addition to the Dodgers. He suffered incredible verbal abuse and even threats of death, yet continued with his mission. He summarized the source of his drive in his last book: 'I cannot, as an individual, rejoice in the good things I have been permitted to work for and learn while the humblest of my brothers is down in a deep hole hollering for help and not being heard. That is why I have devoted and dedicated my life to service.' Jackie Robinson did more perhaps than any other black man in breaking color barriers. Without discounting the contributions of other civil rights workers, Jackie Robinson became a master of breaking the white man's rules yet remaining within those same rules. Bibliography lists 9 sources.
Filename: JackieRo.wps

The Nation of Islam in Chicago
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This 12 page paper presents the development of the Nation of Islam in Chicago and its emerging importance as a component of the stabilization of the Black community. This paper argues that the development of the Nation of Islam led to the creation of Chicago as it currently exists, and defines the correlation between the Nation of Islam and the demographic composition of the city. Bibliography lists 12 sources.
Filename: MHIslam_

Gwendolyn Brooks / Poems
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A 5 page analysis of 3 of Gwendolyn Brooks' poems. The writer looks at 'A Sunset of the City,' 'When you have forgotten Sunday: The Love Story,' and 'Corners on the Curving Sky' as being representative of Brooks' style and also of how Brooks consistently expresses emotions which are universal to human experience. No additional sources cited.
Filename: Gwenbrok.wps

The Poetry Of Gwendolyn Brooks / Growing Up, Reaching Out
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A 6 page paper on three poems by this well-known Black American. The poems explicated are 'Hunchback Girl: She Thinks of Heaven;' 'We Real Cool;' and 'The Ballad of Chocolate Mabbie,' and the paper looks at them in terms of their evocation of the experience of growing up. Bibliography lists four sources.
Filename: Gbroo.wps

Frederick Douglass: Public Speaker at his Best
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6 pages in length. This paper analyzes the style and structure of the Frederick Douglass speech, "What to the Slave is the Fourth of July." Frederick Douglass was known as a brilliant speaker, and his position as adviser to President Abraham Lincoln during the Civil War helped him to become a powerful voice for human rights. His contributions against racial injustice are revered to this day. This paper comments on his argumentative and talented approach to leading an audience. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: JGAfdoug.wps

College Football Coaching & Racism
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An 11 page look at issues concerning racism and the football coach. Various historic studies are cited concerning such items as 'racial stacking' in professional football and its relevance to the collegic sports environment. Bibliography lists approximately 18 sources.
Filename: Coachrac.wps

Harlem Renaissance Art and the Re-Awakening
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A 5 page paper in which the writer argues that literature written by Black authors during the early 1920s opened up a discourse between Black artists, militants and intellectuals that helped forge a Black American identity that served the Civil Rights and Pan American movements. One artist who helped to continually reopen this discussion and propel the newly found forms of black expression into a militant arena was Claude McKay through his work 'Home to Harlem.' Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: Harlemr.wps

MacKay's 'Home to Harlem'
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A 5 page argumentative essay that posits that Mackay used his artistic genius to make a cry for freedom during the Harlem Renaissance, and that his story was written as a warning to his community that the beauty that was Harlem then, may not last. He asserted that it might be in error that Black Americans were expected to live in only a small neighborhood in New York. By accepting this enslavement, they were giving up their newly won freedom. The writer argues that although his contemporaries tried to hush his voice, art seeks to be heard even by only one ear, and as such, MacKay's story did not go unheard. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: Clmackay.wps

Necessities Of War / Civil War & Vietnam War
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A 5 page essay comparing and contrasting some of the many events of the Civil War and the Vietnam War. Lincoln said that there were necessities of war. What did he mean? This is the specific question explored in this essay. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: Civiet.wps

And the War Came
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A 5 page paper discussing the book, 'And the War Came: The North and the Secession Crisis 1860-1861,' by Kenneth M. Stampp. In this book the author gives an incredibly detailed account of the involvement of President Lincoln in relationship to the prevalent issues at hand during the time of the Civil War. No additional sources are provided.
Filename: Warcame.wps