Writing History: Smith And Mather
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In the early 1600's Captain John Smith was among the first to settle in the 'new world'. In 1616 he wrote A description Of New England. In 1702, Cotton Mather published his Magnalia Christi Americana, a collection of stories resembling parables that were meant to document "Christ's great deeds in America." This 5 page paper compares and contrasts the style of writing, the perspective and lifestyles of these two men. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: KTsmtmat.wps

“A Narrative of the Captivity & Removal of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson”
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A 4 page review of this narrative first published in 1682 after the authors experience as a captive of the Narragansett, Native Americans residing in New England during the initial colonial intrusions there. The contention is presented that, while the trauma endured by Rowlandson was indeed horrific, the Native actions were in themselves the result of the colonial intrusions into their land and, in particular, the Puritan view of them as inferior beings. Bibliography lists two sources.
Filename: PPnaCptv.rtf

“American National Identity”
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A five page paper which looks at the way in which American national identity was defined by Franklin and Crevecoeur and the similarities and differences between the two thinkers’ perceptions of what constitutes Americanism. Bibliography lists 2 sources
Filename: JLIdentity.rtf

“Colonies in the USA”
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A five page paper which looks at the some of the early colonies in the USA, with regard to the social, cultural and economic differences between them and the diverse ways in which they developed as a result of these individual features. Bibliography lists two sources.
Filename: JLcolony.wps

“Ethnocentricity and Indigenous Nations”
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A seven page paper which looks at the way in which the ethnocentric perceptions of European colonisation mediated against the interests of indigenous native populations, and the effect which this has had up to the present day in terms of cultural assimilation and the marginalisation of native peoples. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: JL2ethnocentricity.wps

“John Quincy Adams”
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A five page paper which looks at the way in which Adams had a positive influence on the American government in terms of the Florida Purchase and the Monroe Doctrine, and his individual and perceptive attitude to the relationship between European colonialism and the formation of the USA. Bibliography lists 2 sources
Filename: JLAdams.rtf

“Letters From an American Farmer”: Michel Guillaume Jean de Crèvecoeur
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A 6 page discussion of the insight provided into European thought by this French author. Interestingly, Crèvecoeur only lived in the Americas for a relatively short period of time. He became a naturalized citizen, however, and even ventured out among the indigenous inhabitants of the country. His roots, however, and his ideological framework were definitely firmly planted in Europe. Never-the-less, Crèvecoeur’s so-called letters offer tremendous insight into the question of what it is to be an American, as well as how that status relates to such topics as the wilderness and even slavery. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: PPamrFrm.rtf

“Red, White, and Black: The Peoples of Early North America”: A Review of the Book by Gary Nash
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A 7 page overview of Nash’s views on the impacts inflicted on Native Americans and African Americans by European colonists. Notes that any culture’s objective is cultural survival and that it is not that unique to emphasize one’s own survival even if it means the decimation of another. No additional sources are provided.
Filename: PPnaNash.rtf

“Robert E Lee: strengths and weaknesses”
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A twelve page paper which looks at Lee’s background and military career, and the way in which his strategies and tactics prolonged the Civil War whilst not allowing him to achieve a final victory over the Union forces despite his use of offensive tactics designed to compensate for the numerical and strategic advantages held by the opposing forces. Bibliography lists 13 sources
Filename: JLLee.rtf

“Slavery in Georgia”
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A paper which looks at the various factors which combined to initiate the acceptance and legalisation of slavery in Georgia, which was the last colony to adopt the practice. The paper considers the economic, political and religious elements which gave rise to acceptance of slavery by Georgians, and the way in which the moral and ethical issues involved were manipulated in order to provide a validation of the practice. Bibliography lists 4 sources
Filename: JLslaverygeorgia.wps

“The Apache wars”
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A twelve page paper which looks at the origins and progress of the wars between the Apache Indians and the Americans during the nineteenth century, with reference to the different strategies which were employed by both sides, the role played by Apache leaders such as Geronimo, the importance of Apache scouts to the American troops and the eventual outcome of the conflict in terms of the cultural development of the Indian nations. Bibliography lists 13 sources.
Filename: JLApache.rtf

“The Battle of Saratoga”
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A twenty five page paper which looks at the strategies involved in the Battle of Saratoga of 1777, and the events which led up to this turning-point in the War of Independence. The paper considers such factors as the difficulties which the British commanders found in implementing their military tactics, the problems which arose as a result of poor communication in the field, the importance of intelligence and counter-intelligence in several of the American victories prior to Saratoga and the part that the murder of Jane McCrea played in motivating the colonists outside of the New England region into joining the conflict. Bibliography lists 9 sources
Filename: JLSaratoga.wps