Henry Kissinger and the Sinai Accords
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This is a 13 page paper discussing Henry Kissinger’s involvement in the negotiation of the Sinai Accords and the affects of the accords on the Arab-Israeli conflict. The Sinai I and II Accords between Egypt and Israel in 1974 and 1975 were largely the result of negotiation efforts made by U.S. Secretary of State Henry Kissinger in his step-by-step process aptly named “shuttle diplomacy” between the two countries. Kissinger spent over three years intervening between Egypt and Israel eventually finding concessions which resulted in Israel’s occupying army withdrawing from parts of the Egyptian Sinai. Kissinger did not want an American presence in the Sinai but eventually both sides agreed to Sinai II only if there was an American civilian presence and American funding for an Egyptian surveillance station to match the Israeli surveillance station on either side of the buffer zone. After Kissinger’s retirement in 1977, progress in the Middle East seemed to stall and negotiations were taken up by President Carter in 1978 with the development of the Camp David Accords. While Kissinger’s peace keeping efforts were applauded, several issues within the Middle East remained untouched including the U.S. non-recognition of Palestine despite its acceptance by the UN. This caused a great deal of additional tension in the area as many of the Arab nations preferred negotiations through the UN and not those initiated by the U.S. Conflicts still continue in the Middle East despite various peace accords over the years and Kissinger himself once commented that the area must find “some solution which balances the Arab need for self-esteem with Israeli security. I’m not sure it exists”. Bibliography lists 9 sources.
Filename: TJHKiss1.rtf

How Advances in Military Technology Affected the Organization of Society in the Pre-Modern, Early Modern, & Modern Middle East
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In 5 pages the author discusses how advances in military affected the organization of society in the pre-modern, early modern, and modern middle east. "Advances in military technology have affected the society in pre-modern, early modern and modern Middle East. The people there have been through many battles. They were battles for boundaries, battles for freedom, and battles over religion. Military advancement has played an important part in the history of the Middle East." Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: Mideast2.wps

INFIDELITY: MIDDLE EAST VERSUS UNITED STATES
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This 4 page paper compares and contrasts the ramifications of extramarital affairs and sexual promiscuity between the West and the Middle East. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: MBhonkil.rtf

International Business Pre- And Post-September 11
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A 24 page paper. Historically, war, upset, and terrorism interrupts international business and nations tend to isolate themselves for protections. The terrorist attacks on America and the ongoing war against terrorism, however, found countries trying to promote more trade rather than less. This essay provides an introductory overview; a discussion of globalization, i.e., international business with theories regarding the positive effects of international trade; import and export data between the United States and different countries in the Middle East for two years; examples of the effects of the attacks on specific businesses; how the extra costs and surcharges for security have affected trade; and a concluding discussion. Data included. 2 Tables included. Bibliography lists 12 sources.
Filename: PGtrdmes.rtf

Is Terrorism A Legitimate And Effective Means Of Power
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This 7 page paper addresses the catalyst question: To what extent is terrorism an effective and legitimate mechanism of power? The essay begins by commenting on the many forms of terrorism and cites the definition for terrorism, the alleged motivations for terrorism, comments from authors who contend that there are no ideologies for terrorism. The writer also discusses the fact that the more unified and democratic the world is, the more terrorism can flourish. Examples used include extremist Palestinian acts against Israel and the attacks on America. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: PGterpwr.rtf

ISLAM AND PAKISTAN
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This 4-page paper discusses the influence of polical Islam in Pakistan, how it took hold under Zia's rule, and how influential it is today. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: MTislpak.rtf

Islam during the Middle Period
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8 pages. This is an excellent research paper analyzing the causes behind the different aspects of the Islamic Middle Period. The society, economy, science and literature are all considered and explained. Bibliography lists 1 source.
Filename: JGAismid.rtf

Israel During the Reign of King David
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A 5 page paper which discusses the environment and social structure in Israel during the reign of King David. Topics discussed are construction of houses, clothing, food, celebrations, and family life. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: RAkngdvd.wps

Israel: A History of Conflict
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A 9 page overview of Israeli history from the UN partition plan of 1947 through today. Discusses such significant events and policies as Israel's law of return, the Six Day War; The involvement of the PLO, the Yom Kippur war, the 1987 intiffada, and peace negotiations led by President Sadat of Egypt, Henry Kissinger, and U.S. President Jimmy Carter at the Camp David accords. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: PPisrae2_dup.wps

Israeli Domestic Politics
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A 15 page examination of Israeli domestic politics and the factors which have shaped them. The author of this paper points out that many contend that Israel’s domestic policies are ineffective in attaining peace because she concentrates too much on her own internal security. This view is refuted and the conclusion is reached that Israel’s domestic policies are a direct reflection of the threats which are waged against her from the outside. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: PPisrae3.rtf

Israel’s Shrinking Economy
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A 5 page paper discussing Israel’s failure to thrive economically and the reasons underlying that failure. Israel and Palestine have been trading ever-increasingly violent exchanges since 2000, and the increase of threat of terrorism throughout the world since the September 11 terrorist attacks in the United States has served to intensify the negative effects in Israel. Israel suffered its worst economic year ever in 2002, and indications for 2003 is that conditions will only worsen. At present, the most advantageous contribution the government can make is to make concerted effort to establish some sort of peace in the region. Without some semblance of normalcy, Israel will be thwarted in any effort to become an economic force. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: KS-IsraelEcon.rtf

Israel’s Violation of the Rights to Freedom, Education and Economic Independence for the Palestinian Population
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This is an 8 page paper discussing the denial of Palestinian rights by the Israelis. In 1948, the Palestinian state was divided to include the development of a new Jewish state, Israel. Since that time, Palestinians have been displaced from their homes and denied the basic human rights of freedom of education and freedom of financial independence due to the restrictions on their politics, religion, education and economic opportunity imposed by the Israelis in an attempt to suppress the Palestinian people. Recently the international community has pressured Israel to remove these restrictions to the Palestinians and reconfirm their rights and their land from which they were illegally displaced. Israel has not complied and the Palestinians continue to live in an oppressed society. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: TJPales1.rtf